Analysis of Hull Shape Impact on Energy Consumption in an Electric Port Tugboat
Department of Ship Automation, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska St. 83, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
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Energies 2022, 15(1), 339; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010339
Received: 26 November 2021 / Revised: 24 December 2021 / Accepted: 31 December 2021 / Published: 4 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling, Control and Optimization of Electric Vehicles and Ship Electric Power Systems)
Abstract
The trend to replace internal combustion engines with electric zero-emission drives, visible in the automotive industry, also exists in the shipbuilding industry. In contrary to land vehicles, the requirements for the electric propulsion system of tugs are much greater, which combined with the limited space and energy on