Asociación Española de Marina Civil - Basic Principles of Ship Propulsion

Basic Principles of Ship Propulsion

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Contents

Introduction.................................................................................................. 5

Scope of this Paper...................................................................................... 5

Chapter 1..................................................................................................... 6

Ship Definitions and Hull Resistance.............................................................. 6

Ship types............................................................................................... 6

A ship’s load lines.................................................................................... 6

Indication of a ship’s size......................................................................... 7

Description of hull forms.......................................................................... 7

A ship’s resistance................................................................................... 9

Admiralty coefficient.............................................................................. 13

Chapter 2................................................................................................... 14

Propeller Propulsion.................................................................................... 14

Propeller types...................................................................................... 14

Flow conditions around the propeller...................................................... 15

Efficiencies............................................................................................ 16

Propeller thrust T and torque Q

B reacting on main engine....................... 17

Propeller dimensions and coefficients..................................................... 18

Manufacturing accuracy of the propeller................................................. 19

Slip ratio and propeller law..................................................................... 20

Heavy running of a propeller.................................................................. 22

Manoeuvring speed and propeller rotation.............................................. 26

Chapter 3................................................................................................... 27

Engine Layout and Load Diagrams.............................................................. 27

Power functions and logarithmic scales.................................................. 27

Propulsion and engine running points..................................................... 27

Engine layout diagram........................................................................... 29

Standard engine load diagram............................................................... 29

Extended engine load diagram............................................................... 31

Use of layout and load diagrams – examples with FP-propeller............... 32

Use of layout and load diagrams – example with CP-propeller................ 35

Influence on engine running of different types of ship resistance –

plant with FP-propeller........................................................................... 36

Influence of ship resistance on combinator curves –

plant with CP-propeller.......................................................................... 38

Constant ship speed line for increased propeller diameter...................... 38

Estimations of engine/propeller speed at SMCR for different single

screw FP-propeller diameters and number of propeller blades................ 40

Closing Remarks......................................................................................... 42

References................................................................................................. 42