Accurate bathymetric mapping of shallow areas is essential for many offshore activities. Through Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multiview Stereo (MVS) techniques, images can provide a low-cost alternative compared to Lidar and sonar systems while offering important visual information. This article presents a new framework for mapping the seabed in clear and calm shallow waters for small- and large-scale surveys using aerial imagery and machine learning to correct the geometric effects of refraction on the 3D point clouds and the imagery.
SfM is a photogrammetric technique for estimating 3D structures from 2D image sequences. It involves acquiring images from several positions relative to the object of interest. To establish